Changes and clinical significance of lymphocyte subsets in vivo in children with Kawasaki disease

Wu Shuo; Wang Huichao; Li Tianhua

doi:10.3760/j.issn.1673-4777.2025.09.020

Abstract：Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in vivo in children with Kawasaki disease(KD).Methods A total of 99 children with KD admitted to the Department of Pediatric Medicine,Weifang People's Hospital,Shandong Province from October 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the observation group,and 64 children with common respiratory tract infection with fever as the main manifestation during the same period were selected as the control group.The lymphocyte subsets were detected and compared by flow cytometry.Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of different lymphocyte subsets.Results The levels of CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ratio and B cells in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the levels of CD3+,CD8+and natural killer cells were lower than those in the control group(all P＜0.05).In the observation group,the levels of CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ratio and B cells in the acute stage were lower than those in the non-acute stage,and the levels of CD3+,CD8+and natural killer cells were higher than those in the non-acute stage(all P＜0.05).The area under the curve of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+ratio,B cells,and natural killer cells in the diagnosis of acute KD were 0.494,0.776,0.277,0.924,0.731,and 0.451,respectively.CD4+/CD8+ratio had the highest diagnostic efficiency,followed by CD4+.Conclusion The levels of T lymphocyte subsets in children with KD are abnormal,which can be used as an auxiliary basis for the identification of KD,and can also be used as a reference index to evaluate the development and recovery of KD.