Correlation analysis between afternoon blood pressure and target organ damage in patients with hypertension

Zhao Tianzhu; Cheng Wenli

doi:10.3760/j.issn.1673-4777.2025.04.004

Abstract：Objective To explore the correlation between afternoon blood pressure level and target organ damage in patients with hypertension,and to provide a new clinical basis for blood pressure management.Methods A total of 252 hypertensive patients who received ambulatory blood pressure monitoring were recruited from the hypertension center of Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University from January to December 2022.According to the third level of afternoon systolic blood pressure,the patients were divided into low afternoon blood pressure group,middle afternoon blood pressure group and high afternoon blood pressure group,with 84 cases in each group.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of afternoon systolic blood pressure with left ventricular hypertrophy,proteinuria and arteriosclerosis.Subgroup analysis was used to verify the interaction effect of this association in patients with different age,gender,smoking and drinking status.Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the low afternoon blood pressure group,the high afternoon blood pressure group had more severe left ventricular hypertrophy,proteinuria,and arteriosclerosis damage,which still existed after adjusting for age,gender and other factors(all P＜0.05).Afternoon systolic blood pressure was analyzed as a continuous variable.After adjusting for confounding factors,the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy(odds ratio=1.07,95％confidence interval:1.04-1.11),proteinuria(odds ratio=1.05,95％confidence interval:1.02-1.07)and arteriosclerosis(odds ratio=1.04,95％confidence interval:1.02-1.06)damage increased with the increase of afternoon systolic blood pressure(all P＜0.05).Subgroup analysis showed that the association between afternoon systolic blood pressure and target organ damage was consistent across subgroups of gender,age,smoking and drinking status,and no significant interaction was found(all P＞0.05).Conclusions The afternoon systolic blood pressure level is positively correlated with target organ damage in hypertensive patients,which is consistent in different population subgroups,suggesting that afternoon blood pressure monitoring is of great clinical significance in assessing the risk of target organ damage in hypertensive patients.