The value of combined detection of serum tumor markers in the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of colon cancer

Wu Xicai; Xia Xiangfeng; Xu Delong; Li Yanmeng; Shi Huifang; Lyu Jie

doi:10.3760/j.issn.1673-4777.2024.12.010

Abstract：Objective To investigate the value of combined detection of serum tumor markers carbohy-drate antigen 125(CA125),carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)and carbohydrate antigen 199(CA19-9)in the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of colon cancer.Methods A total of 116 patients with colon cancer who were first diagnosed and treated in People's Hospital of Rizhao,Shandong Province from January 2017 to June 2018 were selected as the observation group,and 50 patients with benign colon lesions who came to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment during the same period were selected as the control group.The serum levels of CA125,CEA and CA19-9 were detected and compared between the two groups.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of colon cancer.Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test were used for survival analysis.With pathological diagnosis as the gold standard,the diagnostic value of single and combined examination for colon cancer was calculated by four-fold table method.Results The levels of serum CA125,CEA and CA19-9 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group[(96±15)kU/L vs(24±4)kU/L,(56.8±6.2)μg/Lvs(2.6±0.6)μg/L,(118±19)kU/L vs(25±6)kU/L](t=23.551,62.560,34.712,all P＜0.01).The serum levels of CA125,CEA and CA19-9 in patients with high clinical stage(Ⅲ-Ⅳ),low differentia-tion and distant metastasis in the observation group were significantly higher than those in patients with low clinical stage(Ⅰ-Ⅱ),high differentiation/moderate differentiation and no distant metastasis(all P＜0.001).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated serum levels of CA125,CEA and CA19-9 were independent risk factors for colon cancer.After 5 years of follow-up,the 5-year event-free survival rate of the high expression group of serum CA1 25,CEA and CA1 9-9 was significantly lower than that of the low expression group(all P＜0.01).The sensitivity,accuracy and negative predictive value of combined detection of serum CA125,CEA and CA19-9 in the diagnosis of colon cancer were significantly higher than those of single detection and the combination of two detection(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Serum CA125,CEA and CA19-9 can be used as biological indicators for the diagnosis of colon cancer,and the combined detection of the three can significantly improve the diagnostic value of colon cancer.