Analysis of the relationship between the dynamic changes of vitamin D levels in early and midterm pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus

Cao Zhirui; Cui Qiaoting; Tao Ruixue

doi:10.3760/j.issn.1673-4777.2024.09.024

Abstract：Objective To investigate the relationship between the dynamic changes of vitamin D levels in early and midterm pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods A total of 650 pregnant who regular prenatal examination and delivery at Hefei First People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 was selected for analysis.Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were measured during early and midterm pregnancy,pregnant women were divided into GDM group(67 cases)and non GDM group(583 cases)based on whether GDM was merged or not.The potential relationship between 25-hydroxy vitamin D level and GDM was explored.Results There were significant differences in age,pre-pregnancy body mass index,the level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D in early pregnancy and the average value of 25-hydroxy vitamin D in early and midterm pregnancy between the two groups(all P＜0.05).The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of GDM in the group with the highest level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D(group Q4)was 0.33 times(odds ratio=0.33,95％confidence interval:0.14-0.74,P＜0.05)to the group with the lowest level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D(group Q]).After adjusting the confounding factors such as age,pre-pregnancy body mass index,number of pregnancies and parturition,the correlation was still significant(P＜0.05).The results of restriction cubic spline showed that 25-hydroxy vitamin D in early pregnancy was negatively correlated with the risk of GDM(P=0.035).Conclusion The level of vitamin D in early pregnancy tends to increase with the increase of gestational weeks,and the adequate level of vitamin D in early pregnancy is related to the decreased risk of GDM.