Analysis of the clinical characteristics and related influencing factors of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis combined with emphysema syndrome in elderly patients

Jia Xiuzhen; Wang Jialie

doi:10.3760/j.issn.1673-4777.2024.09.011

Abstract：Objective To investigate the changes of various indicators in elderly patients with pulmonary interstitial fibrosis combined with emphysema syndrome(CPFE),analyze the related influencing factors of the disease,and use the data to construct a nomogram prediction model and implement verification.Methods The clinical data of 120 elderly patients with CPFE(CPFE group)and 120 elderly patients with simple emphysema(simple emphysema group)who were treated in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital from January 2018 to January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Univariate analysis was used to analyze the clinical characteristics of elderly CPFE patients,and multivariate analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of CPFE.A nomo-gram prediction model for CPFE in elderly patients was constructed and its predictive efficiency was analyzed.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of relevant indicators for CPFE.Results The smoking index,proportion of reflux esophagitis,albumin,red blood cell volume distribution width,and percentage of carbon monoxide diffusion to predicted value(DLCO％)in the CPFE group were higher/greater than those in the simple emphysema group,while the percentage of total lung volume to predicted value(TLC％)was lower than that in the simple emphysema group(all P＜0.05).The results of Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that smoking index,reflux esophagitis,albumin,red blood cell volume distribution width,TLC％,and DLCO％were independent influencing factors for CPFE in elderly patients(all P＜0.05).A nomogram was constructed based on the variables selected by multivariate analysis.The concordance index was 0.756,and the mean absolute error of the calibration curve was 0.019.The ROC curve analysis results showed that the areas under the curve of independent influencing factors obtained from the above multiple factor analysis and the P-value prediction probability of the regression model predicting of CPFE in elderly patients were 0.713,0.600,0.739,0.674,0.702,0.729,and 0.893,respectively.Conclusion Compared with patients with simple emphysema,some clinical indicators of elderly patients with CPFE will show significant changes,and the prediction model based on these indicators can better predict the occurrence of CPFE in elderly patients.