A prospective randomized controlled exploratory study of primary prevention of congenital heart disease

Zhang Shaoqin; Xu Limei; Qi Hong; Mao Xuequn; Chang Yue; Liu Fuhong; Meng Ran; Chen Yongmei; Wei Dan

doi:10.3760/j.issn.1673-4777.2024.08.006

Abstract：Objective To understand the basic knowledge level of congenital heart disease in early pregnancy women,use internet technology to conduct health education on congenital heart disease,and evaluate the effect of health education.Methods The research group was imported to formulate the propaganda and education content and the examination paper by using the Wechat small program.From August 2021 to August 2022,pregnant women at 11-13 weeks of gestation who were registered in Beijing Haidian Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected and divided into the control group and the intervention group according to the random number table method.The control group was given the test before the education,and the intervention group was given the test after the education.The answers to the questionnaire were counted.Results The three items with the highest awareness rate were"awareness rate of the concept of congenital heart disease"(97.5％),"know the role of fetal echocardiography and are willing to take the initiative to rule out congenital heart disease"(92.0％)and"hope doctors specializing in congenital heart disease to conduct knowledge education"(84.0％).The three items with the lowest score:"congenital heart disease is divided into two types:'cyan'and'non-cyan'"(22.4％awareness rate),"received health education about congenital heart disease by doctors specializing in congenital heart disease"(23.4％),and"know of at least one health care facility that screens fetuses for congenital heart disease"(33.1％).Except for items of"awareness rate of the concept of congenital heart disease"and"knowing the role of fetal echocardiography and being willing to take the active examination to rule out congenital heart disease",the awareness rate of other items in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group(all P＜0.05).In the intervention group,pregnant women with older age and lower education level had lower awareness rate of some items(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Women in early pregnancy are more concerned about congenital heart disease,but there are cognitive blind areas and misunderstandings.Network technology can be used to publicize and educate them,and achieve satisfactory results.The pregnant women with older age and lower education level should be given special attention and guidance.