Sexual differences in risk factors and coronary lesion characteristics of early onset acute myocardial infarction

Su Yunjuan; Yang Liu; Zhang Sujuan; Dong Qian

doi:10.3760/j.issn.1673-4777.2019.10.003

Abstract：Objective To investigate the differences of risk factors and coronary lesion characteristics between genders in patients with early onset acute myocardial infarction. Methods Clinical data of 129 patients with early onset acute myocardial infarction diagnosed by emergency coronary angiography in Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2015 to December 2016 were collected. Among them, 99 cases were male and 30 cases were female. Clinical data and characteristics of coronary artery lesions were analyzed between genders. Results There were no significant differences of body mass index and hypertension history between male and female groups ( P >0. 05 ) . Age, ratios of type 2 diabetes history and stroke history in male group were lower and the ratio of smoking history was higher than those in female group (all P<0. 05). Levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 in male group were lower, the ratio of low density lipoprotein cholesterol increasing and the level of homocysteine were higher than those in female group ( all P<0. 05). There was no significant difference of the location of culprit vessel between groups(P>0. 05). Ratios of three coronary artery lesions and diffuse lesions in male group ( n =97 ) were significantly lower than those in female group[27.8％(27/97) vs 63.3％(19/30), 46.4％(45/97) vs 73.3％(22/30)](both P <0.05). Conclusions Histories of diabetes and cerebral stroke and elevated level of apolipoprotein A1 are major risk factors of early onset acute myocardial infarction in women; smoking history, elevated levels of homocysteine and low density lipoprotein cholesterol are major risk factors in men. Ratios of three-vessel lesions and diffuse lesions in women are higher than those in men.