Clinical features and risk factors of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease in young women

Zhao Xin; Zhao Quanming; Jia Shujie

doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4777.2017.10.007

Abstract：Objective To investigate clinical features and risk factors of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease(CHD) in young women.Methods From January 2015 to December 2016,1 315 young patients (1 233 males and 82 females) of CHD in Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University were retrospectively analyzed;72 women with normal coronary angiography results were collected as control group.General clinical data,medical histories,blood biochemical indexes and features of CHD were analyzed.Risk factors of CHD in young women were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Results Smoking and alcohol drinking rates in female patients were significantly lower and hypothyroidism rate was significantly higher than those in male patients [15.9％(13/82) vs69.9％ (862/1 233),3.7％ (3/82) vs 24.0％ (296/1 233),11.0％ (9/82) vs 3.5％ (43/1 233)] (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences of age,body mass index,hypertension rate,hypercholesterolemia rate,diabetes rate and family history of premature cardiovascular disease rate between female and male patients (P ＞ 0.05).The proportion of single vessel lesion in female patients was higher than that in male patients[45.1％ (37/82) vs 40.1％ (495/1 233)];the proportion of triple vessel lesions had no significant difference between female and male patients(P ＞0.05).Rates of overweight,smoking,hypertension,hypercholesterolemia,diabetes,hypothyroidism and family history of premature cardiovascular disease,levels of total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting blood glucose in female patients with CHD were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that overweight,smoking,family history of premature cardiovascular disease,hypertension,diabetes and hypercholesterolemia were CHD-related risk factors(r =1.46,2.52,2.11,1.80,1.93,1.39;P＜0.05).Conclusions Single coronary lesion and anterior descending lesion are more common in young female patients with CHD;the Gensini score in female CHD ia lower than that in male CHD.Overweight,smoking,family history of premature cardiovascular disease,hypertension,diabetes and hypercholesterolemia are independent risk factors of CHD in young women;hypothyroidism may also be associated with female CHD.