Characteristics and risk factors of coronary artery lesion in premenopausal patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

Wu Wenfeng; Chen Panpan; Nie Shaoping; Wang Luya

doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4777.2017.08.002

Abstract：Objective To analyze features and risk factors of coronary artery lesion in premenopausal patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods Two hundreds and forty-three female patients with CHD from January 2015 to November 2016 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University were retrospectively analyzed;they were divided into premenopausal group (116 cases) and postmenopausal group (127 cases).One hundred and twelve female patients without CHD were selected as control group.Characteristics of coronary artery lesions of premenopausal CHD were analyzed.Risk factors of CHD in premenopausal women were analyzed.Results Single vessel lesion rate and total occlusion lesion rate in premenopausal group were significantly higher and calcified lesion rate was significantly lower than those in postmenopausal group [60.3％ (70/116) vs 45.7％ (58/127),54.3％ (63/116) vs 15.7％ (20/127),1.7％ (2/116) vs 11.8％ (15/127)] (P＜ 0.05).Anterior descending branch lesion rates in premenopausal group and postmenopausal group were 69.8％ (81/116) vs 70.9％ (90/127);right coronary artery and circumflex branch lesion rates were 38.8％ (45/116) vs 51.2 ％ (65/127),34.5 ％ (40/116) vs 46.5 ％ (59/127),respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of CHD in premenopausal women was associated with type 2 diabetes,family history of premature CHD and smoking history(odds ratio =4.722,95％ confidence interval:2.903-8.612,P =0.021;odds ratio =10.036,95％ confidence interval:5.372-25.634,P =0.004;odds ratio =3.627,95％ confidence interval:2.416-6.879,P =0.017).Conclusions Premenopausal CHD mainly manifests single vessel lesion;most iesions involve anterior descending branch.Type 2 diabetes,family history of premature CHD and smoking history are independent risk factors of premenopausal CHD.