Observation of hypokalemia and its effects on short-term prognosis in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Zhang Qian; Wang Chunmei; Ai Hui; Qi Shuying; Zhou Yujie

doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4777.2016.07.001

Abstract：Objective To analyze the occurrence of hypokalemia and its effects on short-term prognosis in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods Totally 1056 patients with STEMI attack within 12h who had accepted percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) from January 2014 to June 2015 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University were divided into 2 groups by serum potassium levels:hypokalemia group (serum potassium ＜ 3.5mmol/L,206cases) and control group (serum potassium 3.5-5.5mmol/L,850cases).The hospitalization time,infarction-related artery,creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB) peak values,hospital mortality,incidence of high risk arrhythmia,length of hospital stay,hospitalization expense,success rate of PCI and the number of stents in 2 groups were analyzed.Results The hospitalization time,proportion of patients with circumflex branch or right coronary artery infarction,hospital mortality,length of hospital stay,success rate of PCI and the number of stents had no significant difference between groups(P ＞ 0.05).The proportion of patients with anterior descending branch infarction,creatine kinase peak value,creatine kinase-MB peak value,incidence of high risk arrhythmia and hospitalization expense in hypokalemia group were all significantly higher than those in control group [50.5％ (104/206) vs 42.2％ (359/850),(2572 ±1462)U/L vs(1973 ±1025)U/L,(242 ± 139)U/L vs(202 ± 117)U/L,12.6％ (26/206) vs 7.8 ％ (66/850),(6.5 ± 3.2) millon vs (4.3 ± 2.5) millon] (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Patients at early stage of STEMI have high incidences of hypokalemia,which has severe effects on short-term prognosis.