Multidimensional evolution analysis of the water-energy-food nexus system——a case study of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region
Li Wei
Li Yunling
Zhao Yong
Zhu Yongnan
Li Yuanyuan
Song Qiubo
Jiang Shan
Xing Xigang
Wang Huijie
Liu Kai
Abstract：Water,energy,and food are fundamental resources supporting human survival and societal development.The water-energy-food nexus system is characterized by intricate interconnections,mutual dependencies,and constraints,where changes in a single policy may lead to governance challenges akin to a"whack-a-mole"effect.Currently,there is a lack of mechanistic and quantitative analysis regarding the multidimensional evolution of the nexus system.This study elucidates the connotations of the multidimensional evolution of the water-energy-food nexus system and proposes a computational approach to assess the internal development status of individual system elements,the utilization levels between dual-system elements,and the coupling security status among the three systems.This methodology is applied to quantitatively analyze the evolution of the water-energy-food nexus in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region over the past two decades.The findings reveal that the individual systems within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei water-energy-food nexus are generally overexploited and highly dependent on external inputs.While the utilization efficiency between dual systems has significantly improved,there remains room for optimization.The tri-system analysis underscores the necessity for coordinated and synergistic development across the three systems.Based on these insights,the following policy recommendations are proposed:internally,strict conservation measures should be enforced within each resource system to fundamentally alter the inertia of resource utilization;bidirectional structural and technological adjustments between dual systems should be implemented to enhance efficiency and resolve resource misallocation dilemmas;and the overall tri-system should optimize reconstruction and coupling development through both external collaboration and internal coordination.The core strategy should integrate"systemic synergy"with a"dynamic balance between conservation and exploitation"to achieve sustainable development of the water-energy-food nexus resources.
Keywords：water-energy-food nexus systemsingle system-dual system-triple systemmultidimensional evolutioncoordinated developmentBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei region
Publication Date：2025-03-30
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：13( 1-13 )