Clinical Significance of Serum CXC Chemokine Ligand 1 and Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 in Ischemic Stroke

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2025.10.029

Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinical significance of serum levels of CXC chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 192 patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the geriatric department of Wuhan Wuchang Hospital from October 2022 to October 2024 were prospectively selected as the observation group, and 100 healthy individuals undergoing physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. According to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), patients in the observation group were divided into mild group (72 cases), moderate group (79 cases), and severe group (41 cases). Based on the volume of cerebral infarction, they were further divided into small-volume group (54 cases), medium-volume group (55 cases), and large-volume group (83 cases). After discharge, patients were followed up for 90 days, and their prognosis was evaluated using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), which classified them into good prognosis group (131 cases) and poor prognosis group (61 cases). The serum levels of CXCL1 and Lp-PLA2 were compared among the groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors affecting the prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke. ROC curves were drawn to evaluate the predictive value of serum CXCL1 and Lp-PLA2 levels for patient prognosis. Results The serum levels of CXCL1 and Lp-PLA2 in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The volume of cerebral infarction, early neurological deterioration, CXCL1, and Lp-PLA2 were risk factors for poor prognosis (P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for predicting poor prognosis based on serum CXCL1 and Lp-PLA2 levels were 0.702 (95% CI: 0.623–0.781) and 0.673 (95% CI: 0.589–0.757), respectively. After fitting with binary logistic regression, the AUC for predicting prognosis was 0.831 (95% CI: 0.768–0.893), which was significantly higher than that of each individual indicator (P < 0.05). Conclusion Serum levels of CXCL1 and Lp-PLA2 are abnormally elevated in patients with acute ischemic stroke and can be used for disease assessment. The combination of the two has a high predictive value for patient prognosis.