Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Poor Prognosis in Elderly Patients Surviving Cardiac Arrest

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2025.08.025

Abstract：Objective To explore the risk factors associated with poor prognosis in patients who survived cardiac arrest. Methods Clinical data of 183 patients with cardiac arrest admitted to the Emergency Hospital of China, National Emergency Medicine Research Center from October 2021 to February 2024 were selected. Follow-up was conducted for 6 months, and patients were divided into two groups based on follow-up results: 51 cases in the poor prognosis group and 132 cases in the good prognosis group. General data of the two groups were compared, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of prognosis in patients with cardiac arrest. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the poor prognosis group and the good prognosis group in age, gender, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, tracheal intubation, pre-resuscitation arterial oxygen partial pressure, pre-resuscitation arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure, pre-resuscitation oxygen saturation, and pre-resuscitation pH (P > 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the causes of cardiac arrest between the poor prognosis group and the good prognosis group (P < 0.05). The duration of cardiac arrest, response time, first defibrillation time, and epinephrine dosage were significantly higher in the poor prognosis group compared to the good prognosis group (P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the causes of cardiac arrest (ventricular tachyarrhythmia, OR = 9.959, 95% CI: 1.050–94.483, P = 0.045), duration of cardiac arrest (OR = 7.374, 95% CI: 2.029–26.806, P = 0.002), response time (OR = 68.200, 95% CI: 7.043–660.417, P = 0.000), epinephrine dosage (OR = 19.054, 95% CI: 3.420–106.170, P = 0.001), and first defibrillation time (OR = 30.202, 95% CI: 3.301–276.333, P = 0.003) were risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with cardiac arrest. Conclusion The incidence of cardiac arrest caused by ventricular tachyarrhythmia is relatively high, and ventricular tachyarrhythmia, duration of cardiac arrest, response time, epinephrine dosage, and first defibrillation time are all related factors affecting the prognosis of patients with cardiac arrest.