Correlation between Interleukin-10 and Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphisms and Acute Cerebral Infarction Complicated with Pneumonia

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-0126.2025.04.025

Abstract：Objective To investigate the correlation between serum interleukin-10 (IL-10), apolipoprotein E (ApoE), and their gene polymorphisms with pneumonia occurring during hospitalization in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 220 patients with cerebral infarction complicated with pneumonia were collected from the Department of Neurocritical Care at the First Hospital of Changsha between January 2022 and May 2024. Patients were divided into severe group (n=64) and mild group (n=156) based on the severity of pneumonia. Clinical data during hospitalization were collected. Serum IL-10 and ApoE levels were measured, and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to detect IL-10 -1082G/A and ApoE gene polymorphisms. Results Serum IL-10 and ApoE levels were significantly higher in the severe group compared to the mild group (P < 0.01). Serum IL-10 and ApoE had certain predictive value for severe pneumonia in patients with acute cerebral infarction during hospitalization, with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.694 and 0.752, respectively. The combined prediction model fitted by binary logistic regression had an AUC of 0.893, which was significantly higher than that of a single indicator (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the frequency of IL-10 -1082G/A genotypes (GG/GA/AA) and alleles (G, A) between the two groups (P < 0.01), with the G allele being associated with an increased risk of severe infection (OR = 3.351, 95% CI: 1.885–5.955, P = 0.000). No statistically significant differences were found in ApoE genotype or allele frequency between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Serum IL-10 and ApoE levels have good predictive value for severe pneumonia occurring during hospitalization in patients with cerebral infarction. Moreover, IL-10 -1082G/A gene polymorphism is closely related to the severity of pneumonia, and patients carrying the G allele have an increased risk of developing severe pneumonia.