The post-operation effects of cognitive function with using dexmedetomidine in maxillofacial and neck multi space infection in elderly

XIAO Jian-rui; ZHAO San-jun; YU Xin-xin; CHEN Shu-jun; HU Yan; CHEN Yu-xuan

doi:10.19749/j.cn.cjgd.1672-2973.2025.01.003

Abstract：Objective To discuss the effects of cognitive function in elderly patients by using dexmedetomidine(DMED)in maxillofacial and neck space infection under general anesthesia.Methods Selecting 48 elderly patients with maxillofacial and neck multi space infection at the 82nd Group Army Hospital from June 2020 to June 2023,they were treated with incision and drainage of the infected abscesses and inserted into negative pressure suction devices under intubation general anesthesia.They were randomly divided into 2 groups,and 26 in the experimental group was administrated with dexmedetomidine,while the 22 in control group was given placebo instead,and then comparing the incidence of postoperative delirium(POD),the revival quality,the pain grade and the cognitive function grade between the two groups.Results The incidence of POD were lower in the experimental group comparing with the control group(0.0％vs 9.1％,P＜0.05).The revival eyelid open time and the spontaneous breath recovery time were no statistical significance between the two groups(P＞0.05).The experimental group has a more stable awakening state,reduced restlessness,and more stable hemodynamics,and the changing rate of heart rate and blood pressure were lower in the experimental group(P＜0.05).The pain grade at 8h and 12h of revival were lower in the experimental group(P＜0.05),while that at 24 h and 48 h were no statistical significance between the two groups(P＞0.05).The postoperative MMSE scores and MoCA scores were both lower than that at the preoperative in the 2 groups(P＜0.05),and the 2 scores in the experimental group were both higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Using dexmedetomidine during operation with elderly maxillofacial and neck multi space infection patients under general anesthesia could reduce POD,increase the quality of revival,reduce pain,and promote the recovering of cognitive function.