Effect and mechanism of GEO combined with chlorhexidine in the treatment of periodontitis

TONG Yi-yu; ZHANG Kong-sheng; LIN Chu-ting; CHEN Jia-en; WU Zi-xiang; DONG Bo-ran; YIN Shuo-jun; ZENG Bin

doi:10.19749/j.cn.cjgd.1672-2973.2024.01.005

Abstract：Objective To explore the effects of grapefruit essential oil(GEO)in combination with chlorhexidine in the treatment of periodontitis.Methods Sixty rats were randomly divided into five groups:control group(group C)、periodontitis group(group P)、GEO group(group G)、chlorhexidine group(group CH)、GEO combined with chlorhexidine group(group U).The periodontitis model was established in groups P、CH、G and U by ligating the right maxillary first molar with ligature wire.Fifteen days after administration,the body weight of each group was recorded and compared before modeling and during treatment.The gingival index(GI),attachment loss level(AL)and gingival crevicular bleeding index(SBI)of the five groups of rats were examined.15 days after treatment.The concentrations of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in gingival crevicular fluid were detected by ELISA after sacrificing the rats.HE staining was used to observe the periodontal tissue changes.The plaque indicator solution was used to compare the plaque display.Results GEO combined with chlorhexidine had a certain immunomodulatory effect on periodontitis in model rats.Both GEO and chlorhexidine could reduce the elevated inflammatory cytokines TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6.GI,AL and SBI decreased,and the plaque index decreased.The degree of inflammation in HE stained sections was decreased,but compared with single chlorhexidine treatment,the therapeutic effect of GEO combined with chlorhexidine was significantly different(P<0.05).Conclusion GEO combined with chlorhexidine in the treatment of periodontitis can enhance the therapeutic effect,has strong antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and wound healing effects,and can more effectively reduce periodontal inflammation.