The research progress in biological effects of nanoparticles on cells

WANG Pei-huan; LIU Hong-chen

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-2973.2018.02.014

Abstract：Nanomaterial,with one dimension in the range of 1 to 100 nm at least,possesses unique properties and functions of nanoscale.And nanoparticles are three-dimensional nanoscale materials.Nanoparticles have a broad application prospect because of their unique physical and chemical properties and special effects.Meanwhile,the biological safety ofnanoparticles has attracted more and more attention.Nanoparticles can affect organisms in multiple levels,such as animals,cells,subcells,proteins,genes and so on.The effect of nanoparticles on organisms is an extremely complex biological process,and the current research is mostly focused on the level of cells.Nanotechnology has promoted the improvement of traditional dental materials and made great progress in the clinical treatment of oral diseases.With the increasing application of nanomaterials in the field of stomatology,the chances of exposure to nanoparticles in patients with oral diseases are greatly increased.Studies have shown that a variety of dental nanomaterials are potentially toxic to the central nervous system,and the biological effects of different nanoparticles on osteoblasts,dental pulp cells and periodontal ligament cells will become the focus of future research.The study of the biological effects of nanoparticles on cells is beneficial to the safe application of nanoparticles in the field of life sciences.In this review,we summarized the biological effects,possible mechanisms and influencing factors of nanoparticles on cells.