Progress of research on inflammatory and immune microenvironment in diagnosis and treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma
RAN Zhuyan
LUO Yonghai
Abstract：Middle ear cholesteatoma is a non-neoplastic lesion of the middle ear that can lead to serious intracranial and extracranial complications,potentially life-threatening in severe cases.Although multiple pathogenic mechanisms have been proposed,no definitive conclusion has been reached to date.Currently,there are no effective non-surgical treatment options,thus research into its pathogenesis is critical for developing non-invasive therapeutic strategies and reducing postoperative recurrence.Studies indicate that significant inflammation is one of the hallmark features of cholesteatoma and is considered a prerequisite for its formation and recurrence.This review summarizes the potential mechanisms of inflammation and immune microenvironment in cholesteatoma progression,along with their current applications and future prospects in therapeutic interventions,aiming to provide novel insights for the development of non-surgical management approaches.
Keywords：middle ear cholesteatomaimmune microenvironmentinflammatory factors
Publication Date：2026-02-20
Online Publishing Date：2026-03-13(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：5( 164-168 )