Progress of research on nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in otitis media
LIU Yang
WEI Ziru
CHEN Yingying
WANG Yanfei
CHEN Jun
CHE Juan
ZHANG Xiaolin
ZHAO Hongchun
Abstract：Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae(NTHi)is the main pathogen of acute otitis media and chronic otitis media in children.With the popularization of Haemophilus type B vaccine,the serotype substitution phenomenon has become significant and the rate of NTHi infection continues to increase.Although several vaccine candidates have entered clinical trials,an effective vaccine against NTHi awaits a breakthrough.In recent years,exploration of novel anti-biofilm strategies and alternative therapies(e.g.,phage therapy)has provided new directions for the treatment of NTHi-associated otitis media).Future studies need to further elucidate the host-pathogen interaction network and promote multidisciplinary translational research.In this paper,we systematically review the pathogenic mechanisms,epidemiological characteristics,evolution of resistance and biofilm-forming ability of NTHi,and discuss its interaction with host immune response.
Keywords：nontypeable Haemophilus influenzaeotitis mediapathogenic mechanismsantibiotic resistancebiofilm
Publication Date：2025-12-20
Online Publishing Date：2025-12-11(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：5( 1063-1067 )