Research Progress on Application of Artificial Composites in Tympanoplasty

HU Haolei; ZHANG Suna; GONG Wenjing; XING Peimei; YUE Wei; MA Wenlai; ZHANG Yage; WANG Yiwen; LI Yi

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-2922.2025.07.010

Abstract：Tympanic membrane perforation is a prevalent condition in otology,and patients frequently experience symptoms such as hearing loss and a sensation of fullness in the ear.Endoscopic tympanoplasty has increasingly become a routine treatment for this condition,offering clear visualization,reduced trauma,and decreased recovery time.In recent years,surgical techniques for tympanoplasty have seen new advancements.Various repair techniques have been developed,including the underlay,sandwich,temporalis myofascial four-point fixation,retroauricular approach underlay,and the retromeatal approach.Autologous materials and artificial composite materials are typically utilized for tympanic membrane repair.While autologous materials are commonly used in clinical settings,they present issues such as the risk of infection at the donor site and challenges in shaping.Artificial composite materials encompass cellulosic materials,gelatin,polycaprolactone,hydrogels,polymers,and other synthetic materials.3D-printed artificial composite materials are anticipated to mimic the multi-layered structure and complex functions of the tympanic membrane,thereby enhancing the mechanical properties and biological activity of the repair materials and aiding in achieving a higher success rate.The integration of endoscopic tympanoplasty,artificial composite materials,and 3D printing technology has heralded a new era in the treatment of tympanic membrane perforation.This article primarily reviews the progress of artificial composite materials in tympanoplasty,focusing on endoscopic tympanoplasty,the current application of autologous materials and artificial composites,and the potential of 3D printing technology in this field,aiming to provide a basis for their clinical adoption.