Facial Motion Associated with Oral Movements:A Preliminary Quantitative 3-Dimensional Analysis
ZHUANG Yuan
FENG Guodong
ZHAO Yang
TIAN Xu
GAO Zhiqiang
Abstract：Objective This is a preliminary study in which we try to quantitatively analyze the movements of facial markers which we set around the Rima Oris in oral predominant facial expressions, and try to find out the influencing factors. Methods Twenty two healthy volunteers (aged from 46 to 60 years) participated in this study. A 3-D dynamic quantitative analysis system of facial motion (3-D ASFM) based on motion capture technique was used. Maximum moving distance (Smax) and maximum velocity (Vmax) were measured to describe facial movements associated with teeth showing, corner of mouth lift-ing (left or right) and smiling. Results 1.The latency to Smax or Vmax were similar for associated markers and markers around the mouth. 2. In“teeth showing”: Smax of markers decreased in the order of“palpebra inferior”(left 3.93 mm, right 4.15 mm)>“lateral canthus”>“palpebral superior”>“eyebrow”>“medial canthus”(left 1.59 mm, right 1.53 mm). Vmax of the“left palpebra superior”(42.643 mm/s) was greater than the other eyelid markers (31.58 mm/s-37.62 mm/s) in the order of“lateral canthus”>“eyebrow”>“medial canthus”(left 11.71 mm/s, right 11.09 mm/s). 3. In“smiling”:Smax and Vmax of the“palpebra superior”marker (left 3.05 mm, 36.14 mm/s;right 2.53 mm, 28.90 mm/s ) was greater than others in the order of“palpebra inferior”>“lateral canthus”>“eyebrow”“medial canthus”(left 1.59 mm, right 1.53 mm). Vmax of the“left palpe-bra superior”(42.643 mm/s) was greater than other markers of the eyelid (31.58 mm/s-37.62 mm/s)“lateral canthus”“eye-brow”“medial canthus”(left 11.71 mm/s, right 11.09 mm/s). 3. In“smiling”:Smax and Vmax of the“palpebra superior”(left 3.05 mm, 36.14 mm/s;right 2.53 mm, 28.90 mm/s)“palpebra inferior”“lateral canthus”“eyebrow”“medial canthus”(left 0.69 mm, 7.22 mm/s;right 0.77 mm, 7.80 mm/s). 4. In“lifting right corner of mouth”, the Smax and Vmax of the“palpebra in-ferior”and right“lateral canthus”on right side were significantly greater than those on left. The Smax and Vmax of the other markers were nearly the same. The values of right“medial canthus”greater than those of left. And the values of the left“palpe-bra superior”and left“eyebrow”greater than those on right. 5. In“lifting the left corner of mouth”:the Smax and Vmax of the left“palpebra inferior”,“lateral canthus”and“palpebra superior”were significantly greater than those on right. The Smax and Vmax of the left“medial canthus”and left“eyebrow”were greater than those on right. Conclusions In facial expres-sions, there are associated movements involving different parts of the face. The time it takes for the associated markers and the markers around the mouth to get to the Smax and Vmax is about the same. For individual expressions, Smax and Vmax of the“palpebra inferior”,“lateral canthus”and“palpebra superior”are greater than the“medial canthus”and“eyebrow”. The min-imum Smax and Vmax take place in“smiling”and at the“medial canthus”. The maximum values take place at the“palpebra inferior”in the“showing teeth”. In“lifting the left corner of mouth”, the facial markers on the ispsilateral side generate faster and stronger movement than the other side. There are no static parts any where in the face.
Keywords：Facial expressionAssociated movements3-DimensionalQuantitative studyHealthy volunteersFacial nerve
Publication Date：2014-01-01
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：4( 367-370 )