Exploring the Influence of Nutrient Qi and Defensive Qi in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy Based on the"Vessel Distension"Theory
XIAO Yang
YU Jing
WANG Xinrui
ZHANG Qi
BAO Pengjie
LIU Le
NAN Zheng
SUN Jian
Abstract：Diabetic nephropathy is a common clinical disease,and a thorough understanding of its pathogenesis is crucial for effective treatment.Based on the"vessel distension"theory from the Spiritual Pivot,which states that"nutrient Qi circulates through the vessels,while defensive Qi counterflows,leading to vessel distension"and"when genuine Qi and pathogenic factors contend,the two forces clash,resulting in distension",this paper explores the pathological process of diabetic nephropathy from the perspective of nutrient Qi and defensive Qi.The concept of the"collateral-channel-thoroughfare vessel network"is proposed,elucidating that this network serves as the physiological basis for toxin-induced damage to the kidney collaterals.The"vessel distension"caused by the imbalance of nutrient Qi and defensive Qi is identified as the pathological basis for toxin-induced damage to the kidney collaterals.It is argued that the"damage"in"toxin damaging the kidney collaterals"is a consequence of"vessel distension".Additionally,the influence of nutrient Qi and defensive Qi at different stages of the"collateral-channel-thoroughfare vessel network"is discussed.This study further refines the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy,providing valuable insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Keywords：Diabetic nephropathyCollateral-channel-thoroughfare vessel networkNutrient Qi and defensive QiVessel distensionInter-renal dynamic Qi
Publication Date：2026-03-28
Online Publishing Date：2026-03-31(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：4( 484-487 )