Historical Evolution and Critical Information Research of the Classical Formula Shaoyao Tang

LIU Qiling; HE Fan; XIA Jiayi; CAO Bo; LI Zhi; LIU Fang; CAI Tao

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-3250.2026.02.039

Abstract：Objective To examine the historical evolution and critical information of the formula Shaoyao Tang by compiling and analyzing ancient Chinese medical literature,providing reference for the research and development of classical formulas.Methods Using bibliometric methods,ancient and modern literature related to Shaoyao Tang was collected and organized.The historical origins,composition analysis,dosage and processing,decoction and administration methods,as well as efficacy and indications of the formula were systematically investigated.Results A total of 64 entries of ancient literature related to Shaoyao Tang were compiled,with 49 entries selected for analysis.These entries involved 49 ancient Chinese medical texts,categorized by historical periods as follows:Jin Dynasty(1 text),Yuan Dynasty(2 texts),Ming Dynasty(20 texts),and Qing Dynasty(26 texts).The results indicate that Shaoyao Tang,listed as Formula No.52 in the Catalog of Ancient Classical Formulas(Second Batch)-Han Ethnic Medicine,originates from the Jin Dynasty medical work Suwen Bingji Qiyi Baoming Ji:Xieli Lun(Essential Mechanisms and Principles of Diseases in the Plain Questions:Treatise on Diarrhea and Dysentery).It is primarily indicated for abdominal pain,hematochezia,and dysentery caused by damp-heat accumulation in the intestines.The formula consists of nine mainstream herbs:Baishao(Paeoniae Radix Alba),Huangqin(Scutellariae Radix),Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma),Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix),Muxiang(Aucklandiae Radix),Binglang(Arecae Semen),Dahuang(Rhei Radix Et Rhizoma),Rougui(Cinnamomi Cortex),and Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma).The botanical origins of the herbs remain largely consistent from ancient times to the present.The modern decoction and administration method involves using 20.65 g of coarse granules,boiled in 600 mL of water until reduced to 300 mL,taken warm after meals.Conclusion This study,through the collection and analysis of literature related to Shaoyao Tang,examines the historical origins and prescription information of the formula.It clarifies critical details such as the botanical origins of the herbs,dosage and processing methods,as well as decoction and administration techniques.The findings provide reference and evidence for the clinical application and further research of Shaoyao Tang.