Dermoscopic features and patterns of onychomycosis
JIANG Weiwei
ZHANG Hua
XIA Ying
HU Dongying
ZHU Xinlin
ZHAO Jin
LIAO Wanqing
PAN Weihua
Abstract：Objective To explore the dermatoscopic features and patterns of onychomycosis in the Shanghai area.Methods Patients diagnosed with onychomycosis at the dermatology clinic of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical Universi-ty between June 2021 and August 2022 were included in this study.Dermatoscopic images of affected nails were acquired,and the dermatoscopic features and patterns associated with different clinical types of onychomycosis in both fingernails and toenails were systematically analyzed.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 software.Results Among 206 ca-ses of onychomycosis,187 fingernails and 478 toenails were affected.The most common type was distal and lateral subun-gual onychomycosis.In fingernail onychomycosis,marble-like turbid area,subungual hemorrhage,and linear edge patterns were significantly more prevalent compared to toenail onychomycosis.Conversely,toenail onychomycosis exhibited signifi-cantly higher rates of subungual keratosis,nail thickening,distal lateral nail discoloration,short spiked patterns,and distal irregular interruption patterns(P<0.01).When comparing the clinical types of fingernail onychomycosis and toenail onych-omycosis,specifically distal lateral subungual onychomycosis and total dystrophic onychomycosis,serrated edges,distal lat-eral nail discoloration,and short spiked patterns were predominantly observed in distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis.In contrast,longitudinal striaes,subungual keratosis,nail thickening,total nail discoloration,longitudinal striae patterns,and distal irregular interruption patterns were significantly more frequent in total dystrophic onychomycosis compared to dis-tal and lateral subungual onychomycosis(P<0.01).Conclusion There are significant differences in dermatoscopic features and patterns between fingernail onychomycosis and toenail onychomycosis.Specifically,when comparing the distal and later-al subungual onychomycosis group with the total dystrophic onychomycosis group,each exhibits distinct characteristics;however,the characteristic dermatoscopic manifestations and pattern distributions within each group remain largely consist-ent.
Keywords：onychomycosisdermoscopypattern analysis
Publication Date：2025-04-28
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：8( 140-147 )