Effect of microsatellite instability on clinicopathological features and prognosis of colon cancer patients

HUANG Genzuan; LI Wei

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4136.2025.01.009

Abstract：Objective To Explore the impact of microsatellite instability status(MSI)on clinicopathological features and prognosis of colon cancer patients.Methods A total of 122 colon cancer patients treated in Xianyang Hospital,Yan'an University were selected and divided into low microsatellite instability group and high microsatellite instability group based on microsatellite instability status detection results.Microsatellite sites D2S123,D17S250,D5S346,Bat-25,and Bat-26 were selected for detection and judgment of microsatellite instability status.To record and analyze the survival status of the subjects within the past 3 years.Observation of the relationship between microsatellite instability status and pathological features and prognosis of colon cancer.Results According to microsatellite instability expression,there were 78 cases in the low microsatellite instability group and 44 cases in the high microsatellite instability group.The differences in age,gender,BMI,family genetic history,CEA,and CA19-9 between the two groups were not significant(P＞0.05).Comparing the pathological features of colon cancer patients in low and high microsatellite instability groups,the results showed that the tumor ulcer type,maximum tumor diameter 5 cm,and TNM staging I,middle and low differentiation the in high microsatellite instability group were higher than those in low microsatellite instability group(P＜0.05).A total of 71 patients in the low microsatellite instability group completed a 3-year follow-up,of which 23(32.4％)died due to tumor recurrence or metastasis.The overall 3-year survival rate was 67.6％(48/71).There were 43 patients in the high microsatellite instability group who completed a 3-year follow-up,of which 3(7.0％)died due to tumor recurrence or metastasis.The overall 3-year survival rate was 93.0％(40/43).Comparing the overall 3-year survival rates of two groups,the high microsatellite instability group was significantly higher than the low microsatellite instability group(P＜0.05).Conclusions Microsatellite instability status has a significant impact on the pathological features of colon cancer patients,and the prognosis of high microsatellite instability patients is significantly better than that of low microsatellite instability patients,providing a reference for evaluating this disease.