Analysis on surveillance results of birth defects in perinatal infants in Nanning City,Guangxi from 2017 to 2023

MAO Liangqin; PENG Yuanjun; TAO Xing; HUANG Yongquan; LIANG Mingzhen; XIE Bingyan; WEI Jinlu; WEI Mingxiao; JIANG Wu; HE Ningyu

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2025.08.16

Abstract：Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics and changing trends of birth defects in perinatal infants in Nanning City,Guangxi from 2017 to 2023,with the aim of providing reference for scientifically preventing and controlling birth defects of perinatal infants and promoting the health of mothers and infants.Methods The case data of birth defects reported by various midwifery institutions in Nanning City from January 2017 to December 2023 were collected for summary and analysis.Results From 2017 to 2023,there were 720 715 perinatal infants in Nanning City,among whom 21 888 perinatal infants were born with birth defects.The incidence of birth defects was 303.70/10 000,and the overall incidence showed an increasing trend year by year(x2=2 291.576,P＜0.001).The birth defect rate of male infants was significantly higher than that of female infants(331.01/10 000 vs 272.35/10 000;x2=209.548,P＜0.001).The birth defect rate in urban areas was significantly higher than that in rural areas(591.01/10 000 vs 176.05/10 000;x2=8 976.240,P＜0.001).The age of the delivery women was significantly associated with the occurrence of birth defects of the perinatal infants(x2=203.659,P＜0.001).From 2017 to 2023,congenital heart diseases,polydactyly and other malformations of the outer ear ranked the top 3 birth defect rates of the perinatal infants,and their incidence rates were on the rise.From 2020 to 2022,the incidence of severe thalassemia ranked among the top 10 in the incidence of birth defects of the perinatal infants.From 2017 to 2023,in Nanning City,the number of cases of major fatal and disabling birth defects had generally shown a decreasing trend,accounting for 17.13％to 39.24％of the birth defects of all the perinatal infants.Conclusion The incidence of perinatal birth defects in Nanning City from 2017 to 2023 showed an upward trend,which may be related to the change in the age structure of the reproductive population and the implementation of screening services.It is suggested that health education be actively carried out,the management system for the prevention and control of birth defects in the whole city be improved,and the quality of the newborn population be enhanced.