Clinical characteristics,diagnosis and treatment strategies of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children
SHANG Ziru
DING Guodong
Abstract：Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)is a major pathogen responsible for community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)in children and adolescents.In recent years,the incidence of MP infection has been on the rise,and the detection rate of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MRMP)has been continuously increasing,making the clinical diagnosis and treatment of MP infection more challenging.The clinical manifestations of MP infection are diverse.Some pediatric patients with MP infection may progress to severe pneumonia or be accompanied by extrapulmonary system involvement.At present,the diagnostic methods for MP infection mainly include polymerase chain reaction(PCR),serological testing,multiplex PCR and metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS),all of which facilitate early detection of MP infection and confirmation of its etiology.Macrolides remain the first-line treatment of MP infection.However,for the patients with drug-resistant gene mutations indicated by nucleic acid testing and poor response to macrolide treatment,alternative drugs such as tetracyclines or fluoroquinolones can be initiated according to the patients' conditions.Some pediatric patients with refractory MP pneumonia respond well to the treatments of glucocorticoids and immunoglobulins.This paper,in combination with the latest evidence-based guidelines and expert consensuses,systematically summarizes the epidemiological features,pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,diagnostic techniques,drug-resistant mechanisms and treatment strategies of MP infection,providing a reference basis for clinical diagnosis,treatment and research of MP infection.
Keywords：Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)Community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)Drug resistancePediatric pneumonia
Publication Date：2025-08-30
Online Publishing Date：2025-09-22(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：5( 837-841 )