Analysis on the correlation of serum sCD73 and S100A8/A9 levels with clinicopathological features and therapeutic prognosis of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with advanced endometrial cancer

JIA Tianhan; SHAO Kai; YANG Fan; CAI Yujie; YANG Liyuan

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2024.09.17

Abstract：Objective To analyze the correlation of serum soluble CD73(sCD73)and S100 calcium-binding proteins A8/A9(S100A8/A9)levels with clinicopathological features and therapeutic prognosis of programmed death receptor-1(PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)inhibitors in patients with advanced endometrial cancer.Methods A total of 142 patients with advanced endometrial cancer who were treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in the First Hospital of Qiqihar from March 2020 to February 2021 were recruited.A total of 5 mL of fasting elbow venous blood was collected from the patients in the morning after admission and their blood serum were collected,and the patients'serum levels of sCD73 and S100A8/A9 were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).During the follow-up period,58 patients died(death group)and 84 patients survived(survival group).The efficacy of serum sCD73 and S100A8/A9 levels in predicting the patients'survival outcomes were evaluated by using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.According to the optimal cut-off values of the ROC curve analysis,the patients were divided into sCD73 high expression group,sCD73 low expression group,S100A8/A9 high expression group and S100A8/A9 low expression group.The factors affecting the survival prognosis of the advanced endometrial cancer patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors were analyzed by using Cox regression.The correlation of serum sCD73 and S100A8/A9 expression levels with the patients'clinicopathological features were analyzed.Results The serum levels of sCD73 and S100A8/A9 in the survival group were lower than those in the death group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The results of ROC curve analysis showed that serum sCD73 and S100A8/A9 could effectively predict the survival outcomes of the advanced endometrial cancer patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors(P＜0.05),and the optimal cut-off values were 5.30 µg/L and 3.06 μg/mL,respectively.The survival prognosis in the sCD73 low expression group and the S100A8/A9 low expression group was better than that in the sCD73 high expression group and the S100A8/A9 high expression group,respectively(log-rank test:x2=91.367,P＜0.001;x2=69.852,P＜0.001).The results of multi-variate Cox regression analysis showed that higher serum levels of sCD73[HR(95％CI)=2.511(1.497-4.214),P＜0.001]and S100A8/A9[HR(95％CI)=1.806(1.106-2.948),P=0.018]were independent risk factors for poor survival prognosis in the patients.The proportions of poor differentiation in the sCD73 high expression group and the S100A8/A9 high expression group were significantly greater than those in the sCD73 low expression group and the S100A8/A9 low expression group,respectively(P＜0.05).Conclusion High levels of serum sCD73 and S100A8/A9 in the patients with advanced endometrial cancer may indicate poor tumor differentiation and are risk factors for poor survival prognosis in the patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.