Analysis on the antigen detection results of 7 respiratory viruses in pediatric patients with acute respiratory tract infection in Zhongshan area of Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2022

HUANG Ren; WANG Guilan; HUANG Juan; WANG Bingjie; LIU Xiangteng

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2024.09.16

Abstract：Objective To analyse the antigen detection results of 7 respiratory viruses[including respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),human adenovirus(HAdV),influenza virus-A(IFV-A),influenza virus-B(IFV-B),human parainfluenza virus-1(HPIV-1),human parainfluenza virus-2(HPIV-2)and human parainfluenza virus-3(HPIV-3)]in pediatric patients with acute respiratory tract infection(ARTI)in Zhongshan area of Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2022.Methods The clinical data of 60 265 pediatric patients with ARTI who were admitted to Boai Hospital of Zhongshan from January 2016 to December 2022 were retrospectively collected.Among the patients,49 116 cases(81.50％,aged 29 days to 14 years)underwent pathogen examination and were included in this analysis.Nasopharyngeal swabs were used to collect the specimens on the day of admission or the next day.The antigens of RSV,HAdV,IFV-A,IFV-B,HPIV-1,HPIV-2 and HPIV-3 were detected by using direct immunofluorescence method.Results Of the 49 116 pediatric patients with ARTI,11 210 cases(22.82％)tested positive for at least 1 viral antigen.A total of 11 462 cases tested positive for viral antigens,and the detectable rates in descending order were 13.84％in RSV,3.14％in IFV-A,2.45％in HAdV,1.76％in HPIV-3,1.15％in IFV-B,0.68％in HPIV-1 and 0.32％in HPIV-2.The detectable rate of RSV was the highest in 2020(19.15％)and the lowest in 2022(7.74％).The detectable rate of IFV-A in 2021 was 0.00％,and in the other observed years,the detectable rate of IFV-A fluctuated between 2.32％and 4.33％.The detectable rate of HAdV was the highest in 2019(4.43％)and the lowest in 2021(0.39％).The detectable rates of IFV-B,HPIV-1,HPIV-2 and HPIV-3 were low in each observed year.There were significant differences in the detectable rates of 7 viruses in different seasons(P＜0.05).RSV infection were more common in summer and winter.HAdV infection was more common in summer.IFV-A infection occurred more frequently in winter and less frequently in autumn.The detectable rates of RSV and HPIV-3 were the highest in the age group of 29 days-＜1 year,which were 22.32％and 2.90％,respectively.The detectable rates of IFV-A and IFV-B were the highest in the age group of 6-14 years,which were 6.30％and 3.17％,respectively.The detectable rate of HAdV was the highest in the age group of 3 years-＜6 years(4.30％),and the detectable rate of HPIV-1 was the highest in the age group of 1 year-＜3 years(0.85％).There were no significant differences in the detectable rates of HPIV-2 among different age groups(P＞0.05).The detectable rate of RSV in males was higher than that in females,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the detectable rates of the other 6 viruses between different genders in the pediatric patients(P＞0.05).RSV was mainly detectable in the pediatric patients with acute asthmatic bronchitis(28.17％).The detectable rates of IFV-A,HAdV and IFV-B were the highest in the pediatric patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection,and the detectable rates of HAdV,IFV-A and IFV-B were 3.66％,4.91％and 1.70％,respectively.However,the detectable rate of HPIV-3 in the pediatric patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection was lower(1.20％).Conclusion RSV,IFV-A and HAdV are the main pathogens for the pediatric patients with ARTI in Zhongshan area of Guangdong Province.Infants and males are the high-incidence groups of respiratory virus infection.