Analysis on the correlation between baseline serum hexokinase 1 antibody titer and vision improvement after anti-VEGF treatment in patients with ischemic macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion

WANG Xizhe; LIU Dachuan; ZHANG Lu; WANG Yenan; LI Zhen; FANG Wei

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-3806.2024.04.08

Abstract：Objective To analyze the correlation between baseline serum hexokinase 1 antibody titer and vision improvement after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)treatment in patients with ischemic macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion(RVO-ME).Methods A total of 53 patients who were diagnosed with ischemic RVO-ME and received initial anti-VEGF treatment in Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University from June 2017 to February 2020 were recruited,including 23 cases of ischemic central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)(CRVO group)and 30 cases of ischemic branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO group).In addition,30 cataract patients who underwent phacoemul-sification in Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University during the same period were selected as the control group.All the subjects underwent baseline serum hexokinase 1 antibody titer detection,routine ophthalmic examination and optical coherence tomography(OCT)examination.All the ROV-ME patients received intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs for treatment according to the"3+on-demand treatment protocol(pro re nata,PRN)".After 12 months of follow-up,the influencing factors of vision improvement in patients with ischemic RVO-ME after anti-VEGF treatment was analyzed by using multiple linear regression.Results The baseline logarithm of the minimum resolution angle unit for best cor-rected visual acuity(logMAR BCVA)in the CRVO group was higher than that in the control group and the BRVO group,and the baseline central retinal thickness(CRT)and baseline serum hexokinase 1 antibody titer in the CRVO group and the BRVO group were higher than those in the control group,and the baseline CRT and baseline serum hexokinase 1 antibody titer in the CRVO group were higher than those in the BRVO group,and the differences were statistically sig-nificant(P＜0.05).In the RVO-ME patients,baseline serum hexokinase 1 antibody titer was positively correlated with BCVA improvement 6 months(r=0.377,P=0.005),9 months(r=0.362,P=0.008)and 12 months(r=0.465,P＜0.001)after follow-up,and was positively correlated with the transverse length reduction value of ellipsoid zone(EZ)band interruption 12 months after follow-up(r=0.401,P=0.001).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that baseline logMAR BCVA and baseline serum hexokinase 1 antibody titer were influencing factors for BCVA improvement in ischemic RVO-ME patients 12 months after anti-VEGF treatment(P＜0.05).Conclusion Hexokinase 1 antibody is a novel serum biomarker associated with vision improvement after anti-VEGF treatment in patients with ischemic RVO-ME.