Efficacy of different treatment courses of caffeine citrate combined with pulmonary surfactant in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome
ZHAO Juan
SHI Haitang
Abstract：Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of different treatment courses of caffeine citrate combined with pulmonary surfactant in the treatment of preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome(RDS).Methods A total of 84 premature infants with RDS admitted to the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang from June 2023 to December 2024 were enrolled and randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group using the random number table method,with 42 cases in each group.Both groups were treated with caffeine citrate and bovine pulmonary surfactant.The control group received continuous treatment until a corrected gestational age of 33-34 weeks,while the experimental group received continu-ous treatment until a corrected gestational age of 36 weeks.Clinical efficacy,treatment status,blood gas indicators,inflammatory markers,and the incidence of adverse reactions and complications were observed and compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rates were 90.48%(38/42)in the experimental group and 85.71%(36/42)in the control group,with no statistically significant difference(χ2=0.454,P＞0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of additional pulmonary surfactant administration between the two groups(χ2=0.105,P＞0.05).The hospital stay,duration of ven-tilator use,and oxygen therapy time in the experimental group((32.27±3.73)days,(2.42±0.64)days,(8.73±1.62)hours,respectively)were significantly shorter than those in the control group((35.34±3.57)days,(3.02±0.87)days,(9.63±1.42)hours,respectively)(t=3.853,3.600,2.708,all P＜0.05).After treatment,the levels of arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2),oxygen saturation(SpO2),and pH in the experimental group((89.41±5.27)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),(87.56±5.32)%,(7.45±0.09),respectively)were all higher than those in the control group((85.52±5.82)mmHg,(83.52±5.27)%,(7.33±0.08),respectively)(t=3.211,3.496,6.458,all P＜0.05).The arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2)level in the experimental group((36.51±3.53)mmHg)was lower than that in the control group((39.51±3.66)mmHg)(t=3.823,P＜0.05).After treatment,the lev-els of C-reactive protein(CRP)and procalcitonin(PCT)in the experimental group((13.82±2.85)mg/L and(11.84±2.43)μg/L,respectively)were lower than those in the control group((16.31±2.72)mg/L and(13.73±2.53)μg/L,respectively)(t=4.096,3.492,both P＜0.05).The incidence of complications in the control group and the experimental group were 42.86%(18/42)and 21.43%(9/42),with a statistically significant difference(χ2=4.421,P＜0.05),and the incidence of adverse reactions were 9.52%(4/42)in the control group and 11.90%(5/42)in the experimental group,with no statistically significant difference between the groups by Fisher's exact test(P=1.000).Conclusion For preterm infants with RDS treated with caffeine citrate combined with pulmonary surfactant,extending the treatment duration until a corrected gestational age of 36 weeks does not significantly affect clinical efficacy.This longer regimen can effectively improve blood gas parameters,suppress inflammatory responses,reduce complica-tions,and demonstrate a favorable safety profile.
Keywords：pulmonary surfactantcaffeinepreterm infantsrespiratory distress syndrometreatment duration
Publication Date：2025-12-25
Online Publishing Date：2026-01-07(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：5( 1589-1593 )