Efficacy of azacitidine combined with venclexta on elderly patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and its influence on T lymphocytes levels and adverse reactions

LI Lu-lu; HE Fang; WANG Li-li

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-8157.2023.06.016

Abstract：Objective:To explore the efficacy of azacitidine combined with venclexta in the treatment of elderly patients with acute myelogenous leukemia(AML)and its influence on T lymphocytes levels and adverse reactions.Methods:A retrospec-tive analysis was performed on elderly AML patients admitted from December 2019 to December 2022.According to the treatment regimen,they were classified into azacitidine group and combined group.45 patients were obtained in each group.The clinical in-dicators,blood indicators,tumor markers and T lymphocyte immune changes before and after treatment,long-term survival prog-nosis status and drug toxic and side effects were compared between groups.Results:The remission rates of combination group and azacitidine group were 71.10%and 48.89%,respectively.Platelet infusion volume was(14.26±2.51)U and(16.32±3.52)U,platelet recovery time was(24.02±4.01)d and(26.59±4.24)d,and neutrophil recovery time was(14.52±4.14)d and(17.14±5.01)d,respectively.All the above data had statistical significance(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of hemoglobin(Hb),platelet count(PLT),CD3+,CD4+,CD8+in both groups were significantly increased(P<0.05)while the levels of white blood cell count(WBC),bone marrow blast cell ratio(NEC),cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and lactate dehydro-genase(LDH)were significantly decreased(P<0.05),The indexes of combination group were significantly better than those of 71.11%group(P<0.05).There were significant differences in progression free survival time and overall survival time between the two groups(log rank χ2=5.410,5.656,P<0.05).There were no statistical differences in drug toxic and side effect between groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:Azacitidine combined with venclexta can effectively treat elderly AML,improve the blood indicators and reduce the levels of tumor markers,and it has small toxic and side effects.