Literature analysis of rhabdomyolysis induced by statins during 2008-2013

HUANG Hui-ming

Abstract：Objective:To investigate the clinical features and causes of rhabdomyolysis induced by statins,and provide the preventive measures. Methods: PubMed,CNKI, VIP data base were retrieved by using the key words of statins and rhabdomyolysis in Chinese and English, respectively. The baseline characteristics of the patients, the situation of drug use, the clinical manifestations, the drug-related analysis, the outcome of treatment and prognosis were analyzed. Results:There were 54 cases reports referred to 59 patients suffering rhabdomyolysis induced by statins. Rhabdomyolysis was mostly occurred in the patients above 70 years old. Weakness and myalgia were the main clinical symptoms. The incidence of rhabdomyolysis induced by simvastatin was the highest, which accounted for 59.32% (35 cases). The onset time of rhabdomyolysis after the drug administration was as follows:the shortest was 12 hours, the longest was 10 years, and the cumulative time of medication was 1 year. A total of 45 cases recovered after discontinuing usage of statins and symptomatic treatment, 11 cases improved and 3 cases died. Conclusion:Clinical manifestations should be paid more attention to and it is necessary to monitor biochemical indicators. Elderly and combination therapy with other lipid-regulating drugs may increase the risks of rhabdomyolysis. Once rhabdomyolysis occurred, statins should be stopped immediately, blood puriifcation, urinary alkalinization, as well as kidney protective treatment should be given subsequently.