Risk factors and characteristics of coronary angiography in patients with acute coronary syndrome in different age groups

Zhao Jingjing; Qu Weiyi; Li Dongsheng

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4055.2025.07.21

Abstract：Objective To discuss the risk factors and characteristics of coronary angiography(CAG)in in-patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS)in different age groups.Methods ACS patients underwent CAG(n=428)were selected at the Third Hospital of Wuhan City from July 2021 to Dec.2023.According to different age levels,the patients were divided into young group(aged＜45,n=111),middle-aged and elderly group(aged from 45 to 74,n=213)and advanced age group(aged≥75,n=104).The differences in composition of risk factors,biochemical indicators,ACS types and CAG characteristics were retrospectively analyzed.Results According to analysis on clinical characteristics in groups,the percentages of males,hyperlipidemia,smoking history and family history of coronary heart disease(CHD)were significantly higher in young group and middle-aged and elderly group than those in advanced age group,which were higher in young group than that in middle-aged and elderly group(P＜0.05).The percentages of hypertension and diabetes were significantly higher in middle-aged and elderly group and advanced age group than those in young group(P＜0.05).The levels of total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and uric acid(UA)were significantly higher in young group than those in middle-aged and elderly group and advanced age group,and levels of TC and LDL-C was higher in middle-aged and elderly group than those in advanced age group(P＜0.05).The results of analysis on CAG characteristics showed that the percentages of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI),single coronary artery disease and left anterior descending branch as culprit vessel were higher in young group than those in other 2 groups(P＜0.05).The percentages of multiple coronary artery lesions and left main stem as culprit vessel,and Gensini scores were significantly higher in advanced age group than those in other 2 groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion The risk factors and coronary artery lesion characteristics vary significantly in ACS patients across different age groups.Younger patients are often associated with unhealthy lifestyles and multiple metabolic risk factors,whereas older patients are more prone to multi-vessel disease and severe coronary artery stenosis,leading to a poorer prognosis.Strengthening health education and promoting lifestyle adjustments among young populations,as well as ensuring early diagnosis and active intervention for the elderly,are of great significance in improving prognosis.