Clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor

Luo Gaochao; Xia Xiaochuang; Jin Zhaoxia

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4055.2024.11.25

Abstract：Objective To analyze the influence of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor(SGLT2i)on clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods T2DM patients treated with dapagliflozin(dapagliflozin group,n=370)or empagliflozin(empagliflozin group,n=370)and patients without SGLT2i treatment(control group,n=740)were chosen from Oct.2017 to Dec.2022.The treatment outcomes were compared in 3 groups.Methods The results of Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that differences in median time without composite coronary event,median time without composite ischemic event,time without hospitalization due to heart failure(HHF),time without renal event,and time with composite HHF and renal event had statistical significance among 3 groups(P＜0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that SGLT2i administration was significantly correlated to lower incidence of composite coronary event,and dapagliflozin was correlated to risk decrease of composite ischemic event(P＜0.05).In addition,SGLT2i also showed significant beneficial effects on composite HHF and renal events in dapagliflozin group and empagliflozin group compared with control group(P＜0.05).After treatment for 24 months,the level of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C)was higher,and level of glycated hemoglobin(HbAlc)was lower in empagliflozin group than those in dapagliflozin group and control group(P＜0.05).After treatment from 12 months to 24 months,the level of estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)had statistical difference among dapagliflozin group,empagliflozin group and control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion SGLT2i can significantly reduce the risks of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease,HHF and renal event in T2DM patients.