Screening and bioinformatic analysis of biomarkers of postoperative atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting

Peng Yuanyuan; Wei Baozhu; Li Hang

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4055.2024.02.03

Abstract：Objective To explore the differentially expressed genes and related signaling pathways in the heart tissue of patients with postoperative atrial fibrillation(POAF)after coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG)by using bioinformatic methods.Methods The microarray gene datasets GSE62871 and GSE143924 were downloaded through the GEO database,combining two data sets and removing batch effects.Patients with POAF after CABG were set as the POAF group,and those without POAF were set as the non-POAF group,and differentially expressed genes were obtained by limma package based on R language.DAVID,Webgestalt and STRING platforms were respectively used to conduct gene ontology(GO),Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)pathway and protein-protein interaction(PPI)network analysis for DEGs.The degree of the PPI network was used to screen out hub genes,and the Pearson correlation and Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis of hub genes were performed,respectively,to determine the correlation and the diagnostic value of POAF among hub genes.Results A total of 151 DEGs were obtained.Compared with the non-POAF group,130 genes were up-regulated and 21 genes were down-regulated in the POAF group.GO analysis showed that DEGs were mainly involved in biological processes such as Proteolysis,Cell adhesion,and Transport.KEGG analysis showed that DEGs were mainly involved in pathways such as Cell adhesion molecules(CAMs),Tight junction,Complement and coagulation cascades and so on.5 hub genes were recognized by PPI analysis,including CDH1,C1QA,BMP2,EGR1 and TLR2.Pearson correlation analysis of hub genes found that there was a strong positive correlation between C1QA and TLR2,and ROC analysis found that C1QA and BMP2 were of high diagnostic value for POAF.Conclusion Bioinformatics analysis based on the GEO database showed that there are DEGs among patients with or without POAF after CABG.These DEGs are involved in multiple biological pathways and may be potential important targets for research and treatment.