Prevalence of hypertension and its influencing factors in middle-aged and young residents in Zhangzidao Island

Wang Xiaoyun; Tu Wencheng; Chen Libo; Liu Guanhong; Liu Xintao; Bai Qianru; Hu Jiahui; Yu Qin

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4055.2018.11.29

Abstract：Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of hypertension in young and middle-aged residents in Zhangzidao Island, and provide scientific basis for preventing and treating hypertension in island residents. Methods The residents of Zhangzidao Island (n=532, male 468, female 64, aged from 18 to 60 and average age=42.53±9.12) were chosen by using simple random sampling (sign catching method). The relevant data was obtained through field measuring height, weight and blood pressure combined with questionnaire of corrected WHO-MONICA, and fasting venous blood samples were collected in the morning for detecting blood sugar, blood fat, blood uric acid (BUA) and C-reactive protein (CRP). SPSS22.0 software was used to conduct statistical analysis for reviewing the prevalence and influencing factors of hypertension in young and middle-aged residents in Zhangzidao Island. Results In 516 subjects with complete data, hypertension prevalence was 32.9% (170/516), and 34.8% (158/453) in the male and 19.0% (12/63) in the female (χ2=6.07, P=0.014). The awareness rate of hypertension was 49.4% (84/170), and 50.6% (80/158) in the male and 33.3% (4/12) in the female (χ2=1.19, P=0.276). The rate of hypertension treatment was 18.8% (32/170), and 18.9% (30/158) in male and 16.7% (2/12) in the female (χ2=0.198, P=0.657). The levels of body mass index (BMI), BUA and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were higher in hypertension group than those in non-hypertension group (P<0.05). The level of BUA was 372.27±91.79 μmol/L in grade 1 hypertension group, 420.19±69.49 μmol/L in grade 2 hypertension group and 531.71±118.49 μmol/L in grade 3 hypertension group. The pairwise comparison in BUA showed that the difference had statistical significance between non-hypertension group and grade 1 hypertension group, grade 2 hypertension group or grade 3 hypertension group (P<0.05). The results of multiple Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that the influencing factors on systolic blood pressure in young and middle-aged residents in Zhangzidao Island included age (β=0.334, 95%CI: 0.105~0.563, P=0.004), BMI (β=1.161, 95%CI: 0.630~1.692, P=0.000), blood sugar (β=2.203, 95%CI: 0.318~4.088, P=0.022) and BUA (β=0.029, 95%CI: 0.005~0.054, P=0.019). The influencing factors on diastolic blood pressure included age (β=0.291, 95%CI: 0.174~0.409, P=0.000), BMI (β=0.643, 95%CI: 0370~0.917, P=0.000), blood sugar (β=1.313, 95%CI: 0.355~2.271, P=0.007) and BUA (β=0.018, 95%CI: 0.000~0.031, P=0.003). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension is higher in middle-aged and young residents in Zhangzidao Island of Dalian than the average prevalence of urban and rural residents in Dalian, but awareness rate and treatment rate are lower than those in urban and rural residents in Dalian. The influencing factors of hypertension are age, BMI, blood sugar and BUA. Blood pressure increases as long with BUA increases. The prevalence rate of hyperuricemia was significantly higher in residents lived in island than that in those lived in other areas.