Phenomenon of morning blood pressure surge in elderly patients with hypertension

FENG Xiao-jing; WANG Xiao-mei; LIU Shao-kui; ZHAO Yue-chao; HONG Jun; WANG Cui-rong; MU Xin; CHEN Shi-yi

doi:10.3969/j.1674-4055.2015.04.27

Abstract：Objective To analyze the phenomenon of morning blood pressure surge (MBPS) and relationship among it and body mass index (BMI), plasma glucose and blood fat through observing the changes of MBPS in elderly patients with primary hypertension. Methods The patients (n=256, male 112 and average=70.89± 2.76, and female 144 and average=69.78±2.67) were chosen from Sept. 2012 to Sept. 2013. According to MBPS phenomenon of systolic blood pressure (SBP), the patients were divided into MBPS group (n=124) and non-MBPS group (n=132). The changes of 24-h blood pressure (BP) were compared, and correlation among MBPS and BMI, plasma glucose, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was analyzed. The relationship between BMI, plasma glucose and blood fat and MBPS was discussed. Results In MBPS group, 24-h ambulatory SBP (t=2.991, P=0.004), daytime ambulatory SBP (t=2.045, P=0.044), nighttime ambulatory SBP (t=4.441, P=0.0001), 24-h ambulatory pulse pressure (PP, t=6.713, P=0.011), daytime ambulatory PP (t=2.861, P=0.005) and nighttime ambulatory PP (t=2.281, P=0.025) were all higher than those in non-MBPS group. The results of multi-regression analysis showed that HDL-C was negatively correlated to MBPS, and BMI, plasma glucose and blood fat were positively correlated to MBPS. Fasting plasma glucose, blood fat and BMI were higher in MBPS group than those in non-MBPS group (all P<0.001). Conclusion BMI, plasma glucose, TC, LDL-C and TG are risk factors of MBPS phenomenon, so weight loss, reducing plasma glucose and regulating blood fat should be paid attention to when controlling BP.