Progress in researches for sublingual tablets in emergency treatment of cardiac and cerebral ischemic infarction

XU Jian-pei; ZHU Shun-wei; CHEN Rong; XU Shan-seng; REN Jian; WANG Lan; WANG Feng

doi:10.20251/j.cnki.1003-3734.2026.11.008

Abstract：The incidence and disease burden of myocardial and cerebral infarction is rising annually,creating an urgent need for effective therapeutic drugs.Cardiac and cerebral ischemic infarction has an acute onset and rapid progression,resulting in high mortality and disability rates.Rapid treatment and tissue protection within the golden therapeutic time window are the keys to improving prognosis and reducing disease burden.Traditional oral drugs have a slow onset and significant first-pass effect,while intravenous thrombolysis and interventional therapy are limited by medical conditions and cannot be widely accessible to patients.Sublingual tablets,with rapid absorption and convenient administration unrestricted by region or medical resources,have become the preferred dosage form for emergency treatment.Sublingual nitroglycerin tablets have revolutionized the emergency treatment landscape of myocardial infarction,whereas cerebral infarction emergency treatment still faces medication difficulties.Edaravone dexborneol sublingual tablets have demonstrated a clear cerebral protective effect with rapid brain penetration,meeting the medication needs of patients with dysphagia in various settings both inside and outside the hospital.Moreover,they are superior to injections in terms of production,transportation,administration,and storage costs,exhibiting high cost-effectiveness and good efficacy,and are expected to change the current emergency treatment situation of cerebral infarction.This article summarizes the research progress on sublingual tablets formulations based on the pathological features of cardiac and cerebral infarction,aiming to provide new ideas for drug development in the treatment for these diseases.