Construction and antibacterial evaluation of vancomycin-loaded lignin self-assembled nano-drug delivery system
LIU Bin
WANG Hua-fu
LI Yue-ting
ZHOU Xiao-peng
Abstract：Objective:To construct a lignin-based self-assembled nanodrug delivery system loaded with vancomycin and evaluate its in vitro antibacterial performance and biocompatibility.Methods:Vancomycin-loaded lignin nanoparticles(NPs)were prepared via self-assembly.The particle size and morphology were characterized using dynamic light scattering(DLS)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),while drug loading capacity,encapsulation efficiency,and release profile were determined by mass spectrometry.Staphylococcus aureus was used as a model strain to assess antibacterial activity via the microdilution broth method.The antibacterial mechanisms,including biofilm disruption and membrane damage,were investigated through colony counting,crystal violet staining,live/dead bacterial staining,and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Biocompatibility was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay on HeLa cells.Results:Uniform lignin-vancomycin nanocomposites(～100 nm)were successfully prepared.The NPs exhibited pH-responsive drug release,with faster release under weakly acidic conditions(pH=5.5).Antibacterial tests demonstrated effective biofilm destruction and bacterial membrane disruption.CCK-8 assays confirmed excellent biocompatibility,supporting potential in vivo applications.Conclusion:The lignin-based self-assembled nanocarrier efficiently loads and sustains vancomycin release,enhances antibacterial efficacy via membrane-targeting mechanisms,and shows favorable biosafety.This system provides a promising strategy for treating bacterial infections.
Keywords：ligninvancomycinself-assembled nanoparticlesantimicrobial resistancein vitro antibacterial
Publication Date：2026-05-30
Online Publishing Date：2026-08-14(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：9( 1063-1071 )