Association between body roundness index and carotid atherosclerosis in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

ZHU Chun-jing; SUN Ya-zhao

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-5301.2025.12.011

Abstract：Objective To investigate the association between the body roundness index(BRI)and carotid atherosclerosis(CAS)in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients and evaluate the predictive value of BRI for CAS risk.Methods This study was a cross-sectional analysis of the clinical data of 772 newly diagnosed T2DM patients admitted to Cangzhou People's Hospital from February 15,2024 to June 10,2025.CAS was diagnosed based on carotid ultrasound examination,with a carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT)≥1.0 mm,carotid plaques and stenosis as the diagnostic criteria.Patients who met these criteria were classified as the CAS group(n=277),while the remaining patients were classified as the non-CAS group(n=495).The correlation between BRI and CAS was assessed using multivariate Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines(RCS).Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was conducted to compare the predictive abilities of body roundness index(BRI)and body mass index(BMI)for CAS.Results After adjusting for confounding factors,BRI was independently associated with the risk of CAS(OR=1.56,95%CI 1.37-1.77,P<0.001).Furthermore,compared to the lowest quartile of BRI,the risk of CAS increased in the second quartile(OR=2.11,95%CI 1.31-3.42,P=0.002),third quartile(OR=2.46,95%CI 1.54-3.98,P<0.001)and fourth quartile(OR=4.04,95%CI 2.55-6.48,P<0.001).RCS analysis showed a linear relationship between BRI and CAS(Poverall<0.001,Pnon-linear=0.494).ROC analysis indicated that BRI(AUC=0.65)had a higher AUC than BMI(AUC=0.59)in predicting CAS.Conclusion BRI is significantly associated with the risk of CAS in newly diagnosed T2DM patients.Given that this is a single-center study,the generalizability of the results should be cautious.