Distribution and related factors of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in health check-up population aged 18-59 in Anhui region

ZHOU Zhen-sen; HOU Xiao-wen; CHENG Si-wei; ZHANG Xiao-yu; XIE Hui; YANG Xian-jun; MA Zu-chang

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-5301.2024.08.006

Abstract：Objective To investigate the distribution of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity(cfPWV)and its associated influencing factors in the health examination population in the Anhui region to provide a basis for early prevention of cardiovascular disease.Methods A survey of general information,hematological tests,and cfPWV measurements on 734 individuals aged 18 to 59 who underwent health examinations at the Health Management Centers of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and the Hefei Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was conducted.The correlation factors of cfPWV were analyzed using age-adjusted partial correlation.Multiple stepwise regression was used to analyze the independent factors influencing cfPWV,and the regression equation was established.Using the occurrence of aortic sclerosis as the outcome variable(cfPWV≤10 m/s indicating no occurrence=0,cfPWV＞10 m/s indicating occurrence=1),multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors for aortic atherosclerosis.Results The effect of increasing age on cfPWV was more significant in women aged 18-59.After adjustment for age,the mean cfPWV in men was significantly higher than that in women(9.2 m/s vs.8.7 m/s,P＜0.05).The results of age-adjusted partial correlation analysis showed that cfPWV was significantly positively correlated with systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),hemoglobin(Hb)and fasting blood glucose(FBG).Male cfPWV had a significant positive correlation with heart rate,uric acid(UA)and triglyceride(TG),but a significant negative correlation with urea(P＜0.05).Multiple linear regression results showed that mean arterial pressure(MAP),age,sex,FBG and urea levels were the independent factors influencing cfPWV.The results of the multivariate logistic analysis showed that age,MAP,FBG and Hb were the independent risk factors for aortic sclerosis.Based on these four indicators,the predictive performance for aortic atherosclerosis yielded an AUC of 0.928(95％CI 0.903-0.953),with a sensitivity of 0.913,a specificity of 0.815 and an accuracy rate of 87.60％.Conclusions In the physical examination population aged 18-59,cfPWV is significantly positively correlated with the MAP,age,sex and FBG but negatively correlated with the urea levels.The age,MAP,FBG and Hb are the independent risk factors for the occurrence of aortic atherosclerosis and these four indicators could be used to predict the risk of aortic atherosclerosis.