Dynamic changes of nutrients and physicochemical properties in short-growth-period Lentinula edodes stick during growth process

LIU Lina; LI Shunfeng; WANG Anjian; CUI Guomei; XU Fangfang; TIAN Guangrui

doi:10.16861/j.cnki.zggc.2025.0621

Abstract：Short-growth-period L.edodes is the development direction of industrial cultivation.In order to explore the dynamic changes of nutrients and physicochemical properties during its growth process,this study focused on three short-growth-period varieties X2,Q2 and F6 at different growth periods(blank stick,mycelium full stick,color conversion stick,and mature stick),and the nutritional components,free amino acids and physicochemical properties were detected.Then its correlation and principal component analysis(PCA)were performed.The results showed that with the growth process,the crude fiber content in the L.edodes stick decreased continuously,the crude protein content and free amino acid content reached the peak at the color conversion stage,and decreased significantly at the mature stage.The organic matter content decreased first and then increased.The crude fat content,crude ash content,calcium content,total phospho-rus content,EC,water holding capacity,bulk density all showed an upward trend,while the pH and specific porosity showed a downward trend.The nutrient accumulation and utilization had obvious stages,and there were great differences among varieties.Compared with the blank stick,the crude fiber content and specific porosity of Q2 stick at the mature stage decreased by 40.502％and 52.823％,and the crude ash,calcium,total phosphorus,EC,water holding capacity,and bulk density increased to 2.013,2.692,1.809,1.934,1.543 and 1.410 times,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of X2 and F6 in the same period.There were 16 kinds of free amino acids in L.edodes sticks.Serine,leucine,tyrosine,and phenylalanine were newly added amino acids after inoculation.Arginine and threonine dominated the whole growth period,and the sum accounted for 34.347％-66.369％.Phenylalanine varied greatly among varieties.The taste characteristics were mainly sweet and bitter amino acids,and aromatic amino acids were the least.The correlation and principal component analysis revealed that there was a strong correlation between the indicators,and the cumulative con-tribution rate of the first three principal components reached 91.681％.The stick samples of each variety were well distin-guished,and Q2 sticks showed greater difference.In summary,The change trend was basically the same in the growth pro-cess of the three varieties,but there were some differences,and Q2 is relatively better.The results provide a theoretical ba-sis for efficient cultivation and stick diversified utilization of L.edodes.