Effects of partial substitution of chemical fertilizers with vegetable straw organic fertilizer on bitter gourd yield and soil physicochemical proper-ties in continuous cropping systems

SONG Qian; FU Jinglong; LIU Qi; LI Feng; HU Jiangtao; ZENG Qingfu; LIN Changsheng; XIONG Chunhui

doi:10.16861/j.cnki.zggc.2024.0427

Abstract：To explore the feasibility of partially replacing chemical fertilizers(CF)with vegetable straw-derived organic fertilizer(OF)for achieving fertilizer reduction and efficiency improvement,and to clarify the role of organic fertilizers with different material ratios in allevating continuous cropping obstacles,this experiment used bitter gourd as the test material,with a total of 5 treatments.The experiment used 100％conventional chemical fertilizer(CF)application as the control(CK)and under protected cultivation conditions,different organic fertilizers at 200％conventional application rate combined with 50％conventional chemical fertilizer application were used as treatments.A consecutive three-year,three-crop localized fertilization experiment was conducted to analyze the effects of different treatments on soil physico-chemical properties and bitter gourd yield.The results showed that compared with CK,appropriately reducing chemical fertilizers application and combining with organic fertilizer application significantly increased soil organic matter,avail-able phosphorus,and available potassium content.With the increase in cropping cycles,this fertilization model delayed the soil acidification process,inhibited nitrate nitrogen accumulation,and mitigated the negative effects of continuous cropping on bitter gourd yield.The effects of organic fertilizer treatments with different material ratios varied.As the num-ber of continuous cropping cycles increased,the yield per plant of all treatments exhibited a decreasing trend.By the third cropping cycle,the yield per plant in CK decreased by 26.37％,while the T1,T2,T3,and T4 treatments decreased by 21.90％,28.16％,15.46％,and 17.73％,respectively.In conclusion,appropriately reducing chemical fertilizer application and combining with organic fertilizer can effectively improve the physicochemical properties and nutrient supply capacity of soils under continuous bitter gourd cultivation in facilities,alleviate the deterioration of soil properties caused by con-tinuous cropping,enhance soil fertility,and increase bitter gourd yield.These findings demonstrate the feasibility of apply-ing fully decomposed organic fertilizers derived from vegetable straw in vegetable production.