Effects of grape straw composite organic fertilizer on the yield,fruit qual-ity,and soil characteristics of greenhouse cucumber

TANG Yanling; MA Kai; MI Guoquan; JING Yancai; CAI Yuxin; SONG Ce; WANG Tengqi; LI Xiaohui; WANG Zuojing; ZHANG Ying; NIU Lili; HUANG Yi

doi:10.16861/j.cnki.zggc.2025.0187

Abstract：To reduce chemical fertilizer application and enhance soil nutrient sustainability,this study investigated the effects of replacing chemical fertilizers with grape straw organic fertilizer on cucumber growth and soil characteristics.The experiment used cucumber variety Bojie 618 as materials,and five treatments were established:No fertilizer(CK),chemical fertilizer alone(CF),and organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer(F1:Replacing 10％N,25％P,18％K;F2:Replacing 20％N,50％P,36％K;F3:Replacing 30％N,75％P,54％K).The main focus was on comparing the effects of different fertilization treatments on cucumber yield,quality,and soil properties.The results demonstrated that the F2 treatment achieved the highest yield,increasing by 19.6％compared to CK,with a yield of 9 576.49 kg per 667 m2.Compared with CF,the soluble solids content in all organic fertilizer treatments significantly increased by 1.10％-3.88％,and vitamin C content rose by 3.64％-11.56％.The soil total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and organic matter content in all organic fertilizer treatments were significantly higher than those in the control group.Compared with CK,F2 and F3 treatments significantly reduced the activity of soil nitrate reductase while increased the activity of soil urease and inver-tase activities.Compared with CF,F1,F2,and F3 treatment increased the populations of bacterial and actinomycetes in the soil.Principal component analysis of cucumber yield,quality,and soil nutritions revealed the treatment scores in de-scending order:F2＞F3＞F1＞CF＞CK.In conclusion,this study found that comapred to other treatments,the F2 treatment had the best phenotype,improved cucumber quality and yield,increased soil nutrients,and enhanced sili enzyme activity.This research provides a theoretical basis and technical support for fertilizer reduction,yield enhancement,and green pro-duction in cucumber cultivation.