Effects of base fertilizer substitution and reduced application on the yield,quality of greenhouse cucumber and nitrogen and phosphorus loss in soil

LI Hongjie; SUN Ming; WANG Tingting; LI Yan; ZHAO Tongkai; LIU Zhaohui; ZHANG Yingpeng

doi:10.16861/j.cnki.zggc.2024.0424

Abstract：In order to screen suitable base fertilizer substitution and reduced application rate for greenhouse cucumber,improve cucumber yield and quality,and reduce soil nitrogen and phosphorus losses,a long-term overwintering cultivation mode for greenhouse cucumber was selected.The Dret 118 cucumber variety was used as the experimental material.Bio-organic fertilizer(BM)was used instead of conventional organic fertilizer(OM)and stable fertilizer(SF)was used instead of conventional compound fertilizer(CF)during base fertilizer application.Six treatments were set up,including conventional fertilization(FP)(OM+CF),optimized fertilization(OPT)(BM+SF equal substitution)and four base fertil-izer substitution and reduction treatments(T1:75％BM+75％SF;T2:75％BM+50％SF;T3:50％BM+75％SF;and T4:50％BM+50％SF).A randomized block experiment was conducted to study the effects of organic fertilizer and com-pound fertilizer substitution and reduction as base fertilizers on the yield,quality,and soil nitrogen and phosphorus loss of greenhouse cucumber.The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization,the substitution of base fertilizer for reduced application in all treatments could maintain the yield of greenhouse cucumber.Among them,the T4 treatment increased the yield of greenhouse cucumber by 3.25％and 8.11％in 2 years,respectively.The vitamin C content was high-est in OPT treatment,while the nitrate content of cucumber was lowest in T2 treatment.The total nitrogen leaching of T4 treatment and the total phosphorus leaching of T3 treatment were the lowest,reduced by 22.48％and 31.71％respectively,compared to the FP treatment.The T4 treatment increased nitrogen partial productivity(PFPN)by 58.97％and 66.45％compared to FP treatment in the two growth seasons,respectively.In summary,using bio-organic fertilizer instead of con-ventional organic fertilizer to reduce the application rate by 50％,and using stable fertilizer instead of conventional com-pound fertilizer to reduce the application rate by 50％as base fertilizer,can not only improve greenhouse cucumber yield and quality,increase nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity,but also significantly decrease total nitrogen leaching loss and reduce the risk of nitrogen and phosphorus leaching to some extent.