Genetic diversity analysis of phenotypic traits of 207 wax gourd germ-plasm resources based on DUS test traits

DING Chengyun; YIN Jiwei; WU Xingting; FENG Yanfang; HAN Ruixi; XU Zhenjiang; XIE Dasen; JIANG Yuan

doi:10.16861/j.cnki.zggc.2024.0400

Abstract：In order to clarify the phenotype genetic diversity of wax gourd germplasm resources,207 wax gourd germ-plasm resources were selected as samples,and the genetic diversity,principal component analysis,correlation analysis and cluster analysis methods were performed for 31 basic traits in the DUS tests guidelines of wax gourd.The results indicated that 207 wax gourd germplasm resources showed rich genetic diversity.The genetic diversity indexes of 31 traits varied range from 0.25 to 2.14,among which the genetic diversity index of fruit shape index was the highest(2.14),followed by flesh thickness(2.03),and female flower continuity was the lowest(0.25).The range of coefficient of variation of six quan-titative traits varied from 27.01％to 75.83％,and were all greater than 20％.The coefficient of variation of fruit quality was the largest(75.83％),and fruit transverse diameter was the smallest(27.01％).Principal component analysis extracted 8 principal components.The accumulative contribution rate of 8 principal components was 68.78％,among which 12 traits such as fruit mass,pulp thickness,longitudinal diameter of fruit,pericarp spot color,fruit pulp,whether there were edges on the edge of seed or not,fruit stalk length,depth of leaf split,pedicle end of shape,flesh color,stigma color of female flower and degree of pitting of fruit pedicle end contributed more.Above traits could be used to describe the external mor-phological characteristics of 207 wax gourd germplasm.Among 465 correlation coefficients,the absolute value of 55 corre-lation coefficients was greater than 0.50,and the absolute value of 22 correlation coefficients was greater than 0.70,show-ing various degrees of correlation between different traits.The germplasm materials were divided into 4 groups by cluster analysis.Among them,group Ⅰ consisted mostly of Chieh-qua and small wax gourd with small fruit size,the flesh was hard and crisp,which was in line with the appetite and taste of Guangdong consumers.Group Ⅲ was the large fruit type wax gourd,which had high yield potential.Above two groups germplasm materials could be used as breeding materials for screening excellent germplasm and innovative improvement of new varieties.The results of this study provided certain the-oretical guidance for breeding of wax gourd varieties and the excavation of specific germplasm resource.