Morphological and annual life history characteristics of three Allium species under artificial cultivation

ZHANG Xin; LIN Chenyi

Abstract：In order to master the morphological and annual life history characteristics of three wild Allium species planted in Xinjiang under artificial cultivation,and to provide basis for the control of environmental conditions under artificial cultivation.Using Allium roborowskianum,Allium robustum and Alliumfetisowii as materials,ten morphological traits were observed under artificial cultivation in flowering stage to record its annual growth and development based on the phenological observation method in detail.The materials were perennial herbs with solitary bulb and umbel with no bud.Base of pedicels bracteolate,completely open flowers,perianth radiation shape,with six tepals,six stamens and one pistils,ovary depressed globose,green,warty protrusion,ovary three ventricle,except Allium roborowskianum honey,honey with the rest.Among them,Allium roborowskianum with 25-92 florets,white flowers,4-8 ovules per locule,life history of 85 d,from the beginning to the bolting seed scattered about 52 d.Allium robustum 20-66 florets,deep purple red flowers,the ovary at the ventral suture with curtain nectaries,4-6 ovules per locule,life history of 96 d,from the beginning to the bolting seed scattered about 66 d.Alliumfetisowii with 18-64 florets,flowers of pink to purple red,4-6 ovules per locule,life history of 97 d,from the beginning to the bolting seed scattered about 56 d.The three species of Allium in Xinjiang climate have the characteristics of early spring germination,with certain cold resistance and drought resistance,completion of reproductive growth under the condition of cultivation,and complete the annual life history before the summer high temperature.They can be cultivated as early spring vegetable and oruanental flowers in open field.