Evolution and development of the efficacy evaluation system for gliomas
SHI Ji
XU Huizhe
FAN Xing
PIAO Haozhe
JIANG Tao
Abstract：The efficacy evaluation criteria for brain gliomas have undergone continuous iteration,evolving from the Macdonald criteria and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors(RECIST)to the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology(RANO)and its related criteria(RANO-HGG,RANO-LGG,iRANO,mRANO),and most recently to RANO 2.0.Early criteria focused on two-dimensional measurements and radiographic changes,which improved the standardization of clinical trials but struggled to address the complex radiographic manifestations of gliomas,such as infiltrative growth and"pseudoprogression/pseudoresponse".Building on this foundation,the RANO series introduced elements such as non-enhancing lesions,cognitive function,seizure control,and adaptability to immunotherapy,enabling a more comprehensive assessment.However,the current system still faces challenges,including rigid thresholds,high subjectivity in interpretation,and insufficient integration with molecular classification.RANO 2.0 proposes a framework emphasizing uniformity rather than mechanism dependency,attempting to accommodate both high-grade and low-grade gliomas as well as diverse treatment modalities.This article provides a comprehensive review of the progress in glioma efficacy evaluation,aiming to summarize its development and existing shortcomings and to offer insights for constructing a more precise and individualized efficacy evaluation system in the future.
Keywords：gliomaefficacy evaluationresponse evaluation criteria in solid tumorsresponse assessment in neuro-oncology
Publication Date：2026-02-20
Online Publishing Date：2026-03-18(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：8( 119-126 )