Correlation between serum calmodulin level and both postoperative brain edema and prognosis in patients with cerebral hemorrhage
Zhou Tianyu
Han Jin
Gao Jinsong
Abstract：Objective To investigate the correlation between serum calmodulin(CaM)levels and both postoperative brain edema and prognosis in the patients with cerebral hemorrhage.Methods Clinical data of 120 patients with cerebral hemorrhage were analyzed retrospectively.According to the Glasgow Outcome Scale(GOS)score at 3 months postoperatively,the patients were divided into a poor prognosis group(GOS≤3 points)and a good prognosis group(GOS≥4 points).Serum CaM levels and brain edema volume were measured upon admission for all the patients.Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between serum CaM levels and brain edema volume.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing patient prognosis,and restricted cubic spline plots were utilized to analyze the association between serum CaM levels and patient prognosis.Results After a 3-month follow-up,11 out of 120 patients with cerebral hemorrhage were lost to follow-up,leaving 109 patients for analysis,including 42(38.53%)with a poor prognosis.Statistically significant differences were observed between the poor and good prognosis groups in terms of intracranial hematoma volume,midline shift,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score,brain edema volume,CaM,and C-reactive protein(CRP)levels(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that NIHSS score(OR=2.520,95%CI:1.160-5.476),brain edema volume(OR=2.635,95%CI:1.049-6.616),CaM(OR=1.060,95%CI:1.015-1.107),and CRP(OR=2.678,95%CI:1.325-5.413)were independent risk factors for poor prognosis(all P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between serum CaM levels and brain edema volume in patients with cerebral hemorrhage(r=0.677,P<0.001).Restricted cubic spline plots indicated a significant nonlinear relationship between serum CaM levels and prognosis in the patients with cerebral hemorrhage(χ²=9.630,P=0.022).Conclusion The higher the pre-treatment serum CaM level in the patients with cerebral hemorrhage,the larger the volume of cerebral edema and the potentially worse the prognosis.
Keywords：cerebral hemorrhagebrain edemacalmodulinprognosis
Publication Date：2025-06-20
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-19(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：5( 350-354 )